The Development

1. It was made an IGES File to consider an effective cutting way on the complex form of the C.S.V., by using a CNC machine milling.

2. High density hard foam was milled with CNC machine to get a raw shape of the exterior parts.

3. A wood base structure was arranged to attach the exterior parts together. This structure has also an important role to assemble the interior components.

4. The gaps formed by the joins of the exterior parts were filled up with putty.

5. A lot of sanding was done to obtain a clean surface.

6. Liquid putty (green color in the photo) was sprayed on the hard foam to fill small holes and to check the surfaces quality.

7.The canopy window was shaped using Vacuum forming. The material is a transparent acrylic with 2mm thick. It wasn’t an easy job. The first one broke when the acrylic was cooled down too quickly.

8. Afterwards, the canopy window was sprayed with smoke (transparent grey) color on the inside surface.

9. Small parts are 3D printed with a Rapid Prototyping Machine.

10. Then it was made a sanding and spray prime on the parts.

11. Laser cutting machine was used to make the wheels spokes. It’s a transparent acrylic with 6mm wide.

12. An Airbrush was used to spray a base silver color and then the surface was sprayed again with a clean coat to give a better finish.

13. For the final photo, a light box was placed above the model to get a nice reflection on the body surface.

The Result

14. The attention for details makes the difference.

15. A closer view of the driver seat.

16. Front wheel and artificial muscles.

17. As a result, a shiny model with exquisite details and smooth surfaces.

I hope this tutorial was useful for those who didn’t know how a model is made nowadays. Well, for me it was enjoyable to learn a little bit more about model manufacturing. And all this was possible thanks to Derek who had the pleasure to give us information about his Cyborg Sensation Vehicle model development.

Many thanks to Derek ;)

Check out his blog for more projects http://derekchikkinng.blogspot.com/

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1. Start by sketching your car on a new layer in Photoshop. Alternatively, scan in your lines, and put the layer on multiply mode so the white of the paper is transparent. I prefer to start with something more gestural to allow for flexibility down the road. Make sure to flip horizontally to check perspective.

2. Fill a layer behind the lines with a dark tone

3. A directional light arrow helps to remind where the light source is. Also a dab of white and black serves as a reference for your upper and lower value limit as well as easy color pickin (alt while in brush mode). Take a large soft brush and bluntly brushed on a lighter value on the top of the car. We are going general to specific with values.

4. Use polygon lasso to quickly mask off some hard edges. Use a soft brush against the hard edge to bring out crisp highlights.

5. Intensify the light values being careful not to overdo it. Keep your lightest values to a single area, then trail off = hotspot)

6. Use pen tool to mask off the windows, then fill with dark gray, on a new layer. Add a very faint ground reflection on downward facing surfaces.

7. Glass is usually shinier than body, so I used a hard brush to make crisper reflections. Remember to follow the same lighting you used on your body ie don’t put a highlight on glass if the body surrounding it is in darkness.

8. I noticed the wheels weren’t sitting right where I drew them. No biggie, lasso selected the rear quarter panel highlight and adjusted it’s position. (Aren’t layers so handy)

9. Used the poly lasso again, in combination with the soft brush to describe the fenders. Also I changed the front end design, again keeping revisions on a new layer.

10. Getting there, painted in the new front end and loosely indicated wheel spokes.

11. I Decided the black and white was a little bland, so I messed with color balance and added a red-orange fiahblazin stripe over the car. I tried to keep the orange secondary light contained, so it didn’t interfere with the main light too much. It would be wonderful not to cover up all that hard work you just did.

12. Used color dodge to intensify the FIAHh! To finish, I added assorted filters: glass filter on the fiah band makes it look hot, a bit of unsharpen mask gives everything a bit more crispness and makes you look like a better artist than you really are. Don’t forget to sign it and add your blog url as a shameless plug.

That’s it! Hope you learned something from this, good luck on your next rendering!

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01 – first, we lay out the basic perspective with wheels

02 – we add shapes and sketch the basic volume of the car in nice proportion

03 – continue with more detail, adding a few features like side mirrors, shape of the bumper and side skirts

04 – very important step – add cross sections to figure out surface treatment

05 – bring a little details into interior and headlamps

06 – now is the time to add basic body color, decide where to put light source and based on that, put color over shaded areas first.

07 – take a differrent marker (this time it’s grey) and add a bit of color to the wheels and interior, don’t forget your light source and leave some white space for the reflections

08 – add another layer of marker with the same or a bit darker tone to define shapes little more precisely

09 – continue with surface definition, add more contrast where appropriate

10 – sketch is almost done, add highlight reflections towards the light source – this time with light blue marker to simulate the sky reflection

11 – add a little more detail to the rear wheels and sign of the rear light with a drop of red.

12 – important step is to create at least a sign of the environment, it makes the sketch pop out of the canvas.

13 – fill the background with a darker color, you can see how it massively improves the contrast and overall perception of the sketch

14 – scan the image to photoshop and play around with brightness and contrast until you’re satisfied with the result, also retouch out some smudges or correct minor mistakes

15 – we’re done, the sketch is ready for presentation!

Thank you very much, I hope this helped, you can watch my work progress at my blog

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Read the tutorial at stephensanity.blogspot.com

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01 – The first thing first – the drawing we’re going to colour in Photoshop. I already had a sketch of the front ¾ of the car which actually I was going to render. Then I spent 5 minutes sketching on the new layer the front of the vehicle. It is not so necessarily to be very detailed and precise, because we’re going to put a lot of things on top of it. Just make a decent sketch of your design.

02 – Make a new layer. Use the paint bucket tool or the big brush to fill up the whole sketch with dense colour. I used 100% black colour for this, then turned the opacity of the layer down to 40-50%. Depends on the method you use, sometimes you have to clean up with the erase tool around the outlines of our sketch.
You can do the same thing with the interior for example, or the inside of the grill and some shadows casted from the car. Try to place all these shades in separate layers, so when you need, you can play with the opacity of each one of them. After that, we’re going to put all the shadows and highlights forming the car on top of these layers.

03 – Now the fun begins! The bigger the volume, the bigger the brush :)
However, before that you must consider the direction of the light source too. In this case the light source was from the left.
Use the airbrush to spray over the body. Do it bravely with no big concern, just be conscious about the shapes and the highlights you put and try to follow your design.
Don’t forget to keep your rendering clean, it will help you see your design while working on it!

04 – We continue applying shadows and highlights to the render. That’s the mid-stage of the rendering. One by one we pay attention to the smaller details of the car. Don’t be worried if sometimes doesn’t work from the first time. It happens to me too. Just play with the brush, the erase tool…with the opacity too. Continue building the render.
By the way, sometimes this is enough. Depending on your taste and the matter of your job, this is good enough to be already presented.

05 – We’re actually almost finished with the rendering. After finishing with the main highlights and reflections and so on, I spent few minutes with the fine brush for the small details – things like grooves, shut lines and small highlights on the edges.
Adding the asphalt on the bottom is not so important, in fact I lost a lot of time looking for the proper thing I need, because I was lazy to do It myself. Just having a proper shadow of the vehicle will be enough.

06 – Well, I decided to colour my car. I thought red is good one this time, so I coloured my car in red colour. Added few more reflections and details as can be seen on the bonnet and the windscreen. I just realised, that I have forgotten to paint the side mirrors, so I had to do that too.
I applied a texture to the headlights too….for fun.

07 – I had to present the rendering in A4 format. I opened a new document and imported the flattened image of the rendering I already did. Quickly pasted an image of a factory in the background and manipulated a little bit with it. A little bit of work with the brush…using the blue colour.

I lightened up few places of the rendering as a final touch to it.
The whole rendering took me about 1h and 30 minutes.

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1. Sketch on 18″x24″ newsprint because it is cheap and vellum (vincent vellum 18″x24″) is expensive, so no worries if you mess up.

2. Next trace the newsprint sketch onto vellum very lightly, you will be going over every line again so don’t waste time making them too pretty

3. Okay this is where we should be at….take a deep breath and maybe caress the vellum a bit before you start violating it with your markers and pastels.

4. Now lay down you’re ground reflections. These are surfaces that are facing or curving downwards towards the ground. Also throw in the drop shadow and wheels with an 8, then 9 (cool greys), then black with the darks focused in the corner closest to the viewer.

5. Next, windows, side exhaust and rear quarter panel are treated with the same marker to the downwards facing surfaces. The bottom half of the window will catch the ground because it is slightly curved.

6. Now time to break out the pastels (nupastel 12 pack ). Now imagine the sun is setting on the horizon, so the sky goes from white to orange on the warm side and white to purple to deep blue on the cool side. This is the effect we are trying to emulate. Layer each color within the other so that the previous color shows through.

7. For some odd reason I decided to flip the render around and work on the other side. (I think I messed up the chalk on the front side) So I redid the marker, adjusting the ground reflection (bringing it up to the shoulder). Also added black chalk to the very center of the chalk “sky” and under the ground reflections. Added doorlines with black, then white prismacolor pencil. Also went over linework with a black primacolor pencil. Finishing off the body, loose white ovals drawn with prisma pencil in the sky tones suggesting clouds and highlights here and there. And finally blips of Sakura white gel pen added to intensify select highlights.

8. Wheels rendered in the same way as the body and now we can call it a day!

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Read the tutorial at designertechniques.com

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1 – The first step – prepare the render for the shadings. In my case, I already had the design finalized so I just had to trace the original vehicle and adjust where my design alters from the Renault Koleos concept.
In Photoshop I made a new layer, containing the original picture of the car. I turned down the opacity of the layer to make it less visible.
Now it’s time to do the outlines of our design. As already mentioned I wanted to be very precise & clean, which is the reason why I used the path tool in Photoshop, to stroke the lines in another layer. The rest of the outline work was done by hand with the help of the Wacom tablet.

2 – Before carry on, I turned the visibility of the traced image down to zero.
You got to get used to create a lot of layers in the Photoshop. This will help you organize your work, it is also very helpful If you want to change something at the later stage of your render.
New layer – this is the base colour of the car, we will build all the shadows and highlights on top of this one. I used proper grey colour for that. I made another layer with 100% black colour for the tyres and the shadows under the vehicle. Notice the seats and the inside of the car. This is another layer filled with darker grey colour. Make sure you keep your drawing clean and not leave any un-erased parts left over the image.

3 – It is time to build the main volumes of the car. You must consider the direction of the light source too.
Remember, always the big volumes first! Create the big volumes with the big brush and play with the opacity of the layers till you reach the desired density of the shadows and the highlights too. We have to be conscious of our outline work underneath in order to deliver the design we had in mind.

4 – We continue building the render. More shadows and highlights are added to the body of the car. Bare in mind that the shadow follows the shape always. The better we spray our shadows over the render, the better they will represent the volumes and the surfaces of the design we’re trying to show.
A tip – If you can’t accomplish the desired shape of a certain shadow/highlight, use the erase tool in Photoshop, until you achieve the shape you’re happy with.

5 – As can be seen, I have decided to use the original wheels of the Renault Koleos Concept – very simple trick, paste them in a new layer and manipulate till you find the right place for them.
It is time for more details and refined study of the shapes & volumes. This is one of the sweetest parts, I like it very much because here I can play around till I reach the desired effect. It also brings some maturity to the render. For instance – the wheel arches.
I carried on with the door handles, side skirts, windows etc.

6 – Before we reach the final stage, we have some more things to do. We must finish with our shadings and complete all the details such as fenders, headlights, trims, skirts, mirrors and so on.
A tip – when you’re happy with your work, merge several layers together to make one layer with a certain finished piece of your rendering. For example – the fenders. This will make your life much easier when scrolling through the layers list. It will save some resources of your computer and it’s much easier to handle in Photoshop.
Now the shut lines and the grooves. I use a thin brush for the shut lines or stroke a path for some continuous complicated shapes only if really needed.
After we’re finished, we can now flatten the image into one single layer.

Before presenting It, I filled the background with a gradient to make the car itself stand-out and bring some deepness to the whole render too.
The whole rendering took me 3 hours and something.

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1. at the beginning we have a sketch just in lines, basicly scanned from your napkin or directly made in computer (as I did)
this layer is mostly turned off or deleted so don´t worry.

If we want to import to our picture scanned sketch, just change the blending mode to “multiply” (then we can put other layers under our sketch and we can still see it) I usually work on A3 (300dpi) in case of high quality print.
2.I have put in this step some new layer and put it underneath our sketch..

3.We have selected the silhouette of the car with Pen_Tool, made a selection (we are still in colorful “background” layer)
and then we have made a new layer Via_copy, we have left the original layer at opacity 80% (to see the difference)
The color of the car is not definitive, we could change it whenever we want.

4. here we add some highlight reflections with Brush_Tool. It is better to use different layer for each area, we can easier control the edges highlights with Eraser_Tool (for really straight Edges we can use the Pen_Tool as well) and when we are done, just merge the layers

5.and same thing we do with black colored brush.. reflections from the ground

6.now is´s time to put some black(or whatever) color as tires and shadow under the car, and I just made a new layer via copy from original body layer.. made a selection in greenhouse area and then changed a color (later we can make a selection and in a different layer add some reflections to highlight the glass material..

7. I have made some wheels (just a base) but it is easy to do, just make eliptical selection to fit the intended rim.. then
transform the selection and delete the middle of the rim.. and also we did some cutlines and main lines with PenTool

8a,8b. it´s time to make some rear lamps design.. it is “modelled” by many layers to bring the deepness and the realbrightness as well..

9.this could be the rear end with rear lamps and place for licence plate

10. let´s do some rims, I like to do my own, I don´t use any blured photographs because I don´t mean my sketches too photerealistic..so I prefere really basic and maybe not too real ones.. we do it in new layer and also with PenTool make selections and erase the holes between beams, I usually copy first one to the next one and enlarge it into the wheel arch..

well now just add some details and basicly that´s it.

I have to say, this is not just a sketch, I did so many “preparing” ones, so the design is not just a randomly vomited something.
It is very easy to do some effective photoshop renderings but please don´t. Think first!

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If you’ve already published a tutorial on a different site, we can post a link or host a complete tutorial as well, if it’s okay for owner of the site.

Don’t wait or hesitate, submit a tutorial!

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